392 research outputs found
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Hierarchical video summarisation in reference frame subspace
In this paper, a hierarchical video structure summarization approach using Laplacian Eigenmap is proposed, where a small set of reference frames is selected from the video sequence to form a reference subspace to measure the dissimilarity between two arbitrary frames. In the proposed summarization scheme, the shot-level key frames are first detected from the continuity of inter-frame dissimilarity, and the sub-shot level and scene level representative frames are then summarized by using k-mean clustering. The experiment is carried on both test videos and movies, and the results show that in comparison with a similar approach using latent semantic analysis, the proposed approach using Laplacian Eigenmap can achieve a better recall rate in keyframe detection, and gives an efficient hierarchical summarization at sub shot, shot and scene levels subsequently
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Exploring the underlying processes and the long term effects of choice architecture
As the application for choice architecture grow, our goal is to better understand both the short and long term effects of our interventions. Many of the worldâs most pressing and complicated problems require many actions, instead of a single action. Choice architecture has been shown to be effective on one-and-done problems, but what about the more complicated problems? Can the tool we choose to influence behavior have a positive or negative effect on the likelihood of taking up a second or possibly third behavior? In Chapter 1, we explore the mechanism of risky choice framing, isolating the effect of attraction and repulsion on the number of, and the valence of, thoughts supporting either the risky or riskless outcomes. In Chapter 2, we show behavioral spillover in a lab settings, showing the effects of default setting on not only the initial behavior, but also subsequent behaviors. In Chapter 3, we take choice architecture and explore the effects of different messaging on both short and long term behavioral change
Nursing sensitive outcomes: identifying a definition, exploration of conceptual challenges and an overview of the literature
Introduction/background: A literature review on nursing sensitive outcomes has been conducted as part of a larger research project. The literature was reviewed to: - identify a definition of nursing sensitive outcomes - determine the conceptual models used to describe nursing sensitive outcomes - identify significant contributions made by researchers on the development and use of nursing sensitive outcomes in clinical practice.The overall aim of the research project is to develop a set of indicators that provides a balanced view of nursing care and its contribution to patient outcomes. It is anticipated that this research will broaden the debate on nursing sensitive outcomes so that the contribution that nursing care makes to patient outcomes is able to be identified and measured
Perceptual Oscillations in Gender Classification of Faces, Contingent on Stimulus History
Perception is a proactive ââpredictiveââ process, in which the brain takes advantage of past experience to make informed guesses about the world to test against sensory data. Here we demonstrate that in the judgment of the gender of faces, beta rhythms play an important role in communicating perceptual experience. Observers classified in forced choice as male or female, a sequence of face stimuli, which were physically constructed to be male or female or androgynous (equal morph). Classification of the androgynous stimuli oscillated rhythmically between male and female, following a complex waveform comprising 13.5 and 17 Hz. Parsing the trials based on the preceding stimulus showed that responses to androgynous stimuli preceded by male stimuli oscillated reliably at 17 Hz, whereas those preceded by female stimuli oscillated at 13.5 Hz. These results suggest that perceptual priors for face perception from recent perceptual memory are communicated through frequency-coded beta rhythms
The role of individual and social variables in task performance.
This paper reports on a data-based study in which we explored - as part of a larger-scale British-Hungarian research project - the effects of a number of affective and social variables on foreign language (L2) learnersâ engagement in oral argumentative tasks. The assumption underlying the investigation was that studentsâ verbal behaviour in oral task situations is partly determined by a number of non-linguistic and non-cognitive factors whose examination may constitute a potentially fruitful extension of existing task-based research paradigms. The independent variables in the study included various aspects of L2 motivation and several factors characterizing the learner groups the participating students were members of (such as group cohesiveness and intermember relations), as well as the learnersâ L2 proficiency and âwillingness to communicateâ in their L1. The dependent variables involved objective measures of the studentsâ language output in two oral argumentative tasks (one in the learnersâ L1, the other in their L2): the quantity of speech and the number of turns produced by the speakers. The results provide insights into the interrelationship of the multiple variables determining the learnersâ task engagement, and suggest a multi-level construct whereby some independent variables only come into force when certain conditions have been met
The role of hunting in village livelihoods in the Ashanti region, Ghana
The article describes the results of two surveys conducted in six villages in the Ashanti region of Ghana. Â The first was undertaken in August 2002 and the second during July 2004. Â A total of 468 hunters and non-hunters were surveyed using targeted and systematic interviewing techniques. Â The results indicate that hunting is an important contributor to total income in the villages, particularly for poorer households. Â We find some evidence that hunting increases during lean periods, especially for hunters in the household survey. Â Distance to Kumasi is a significant determinant of the number of animals sold on the market, and also influences the type of gear used for hunting. Â Compliance with wildlife laws, notably species restrictions and the closed season is low, particularly amongst professional hunters
Measurements of integral muon intensity at large zenith angles
High-statistics data on near-horizontal muons collected with Russian-Italian
coordinate detector DECOR are analyzed. Precise measurements of muon angular
distributions in zenith angle interval from 60 to 90 degrees have been
performed. In total, more than 20 million muons are selected. Dependences of
the absolute integral muon intensity on zenith angle for several threshold
energies ranging from 1.7 GeV to 7.2 GeV are derived. Results for this region
of zenith angles and threshold energies have been obtained for the first time.
The dependence of integral intensity on zenith angle and threshold energy is
well fitted by a simple analytical formula.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl
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